Transition from enhanced T cell infiltration to inflammation in the myelin-degenerative central nervous system

Neurobiol Dis. 2007 Dec;28(3):261-75. doi: 10.1016/j.nbd.2007.05.006. Epub 2007 Aug 3.

Abstract

Myelin degeneration in the central nervous system (CNS) is often associated with elevated numbers of T cells in brain and spinal cord (SC). In some degenerative diseases, this T cell immigration has no clinical relevance, in others, it may precede severe inflammation and tissue damage. We studied T cells in the myelin-degenerative SC of transgenic (tg) Lewis rats overexpressing the proteolipid protein (PLP). These lymphocytes are T(H)1/T(C)1 cells and represent different T cell clones unique to individual animals. The SC-infiltrating CD8(+) T cell pool is more restricted than its CD4(+) counterpart, possibly due to constrictions in the peripheral CD8(+) T cell repertoire. Some SC-infiltrating T cells are highly motile and cover large distances within their target tissue, others are tethered to MHC class II(+) microglia cells. The activation of the tethered cells may trigger the formation of inflammatory foci and could pave the way for inflammation in degenerative CNS disease.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Animals, Genetically Modified
  • Antigens, CD / metabolism
  • CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / immunology
  • CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / immunology
  • Cell Movement
  • Central Nervous System Diseases / immunology*
  • Central Nervous System Diseases / pathology*
  • Cytokines / metabolism
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Green Fluorescent Proteins / genetics
  • Green Fluorescent Proteins / metabolism
  • In Vitro Techniques
  • Myelin Proteolipid Protein / genetics
  • Myelin Proteolipid Protein / metabolism
  • Myelin Sheath / pathology*
  • Nerve Degeneration / metabolism
  • Nerve Degeneration / pathology*
  • Rats
  • Rats, Inbred Lew
  • Spectrum Analysis
  • T-Lymphocytes / immunology*

Substances

  • Antigens, CD
  • Cytokines
  • Myelin Proteolipid Protein
  • Green Fluorescent Proteins