Molecular adlayers of a series of oligothiophenes with carboxylic groups and alkyl substitutes, DTDA, TTDA, QTDA, and PTDA, are investigated by STM at Au(111) surface. The effect of molecular structure including alkyl chain and thiophene backbone on the adlayer structure is revealed. DTDA and TTDA with two and three thiophene rings, self-assembled into highly ordered long-range two dimensional structures via hydrogen bondings, while QTDA with four thiophene rings formed short-range ordered structure with hexagonal symmetry. PTDA with five thiophene rings showed disordered pattern due to its strong molecule-substrate interaction. The results are compared with those on HOPG surface, showing that the molecule-substrate interaction plays an important role in the adlayer formation of these oligothiophenes.