The study aimed at learning the social representations of the legal implications of hospital infections (HI) and analyze how these representations are articulated with the quality of work developed by the health and law professionals. The data were produced through interviews and processed by software Alceste4.8. The descendant hierarchical analysis showed 04 classes of words, that objected the legal implications of HI, anchored in the ideological, historical and socio-cultural aspects, in the rights that the health user has not run risks, resulting of occurences caused by negligence of involved in the process having to be fiscalized by the competent organs in order the responsibles answer civily and penaltily, miscase or miscare in hospital assistance.