Dynamic rerouting of the carbohydrate flux is key to counteracting oxidative stress

J Biol. 2007 Dec 21;6(4):10. doi: 10.1186/jbiol61.

Abstract

Background: Eukaryotic cells have evolved various response mechanisms to counteract the deleterious consequences of oxidative stress. Among these processes, metabolic alterations seem to play an important role.

Results: We recently discovered that yeast cells with reduced activity of the key glycolytic enzyme triosephosphate isomerase exhibit an increased resistance to the thiol-oxidizing reagent diamide. Here we show that this phenotype is conserved in Caenorhabditis elegans and that the underlying mechanism is based on a redirection of the metabolic flux from glycolysis to the pentose phosphate pathway, altering the redox equilibrium of the cytoplasmic NADP(H) pool. Remarkably, another key glycolytic enzyme, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), is known to be inactivated in response to various oxidant treatments, and we show that this provokes a similar redirection of the metabolic flux.

Conclusion: The naturally occurring inactivation of GAPDH functions as a metabolic switch for rerouting the carbohydrate flux to counteract oxidative stress. As a consequence, altering the homoeostasis of cytoplasmic metabolites is a fundamental mechanism for balancing the redox state of eukaryotic cells under stress conditions.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aging / physiology
  • Amino Acid Substitution
  • Animals
  • Caenorhabditis elegans / drug effects
  • Caenorhabditis elegans / genetics
  • Caenorhabditis elegans / metabolism*
  • Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins / genetics
  • Carbohydrate Metabolism* / drug effects
  • Computer Simulation
  • Drug Resistance
  • Gene Knockdown Techniques
  • Glyceraldehyde 3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (NADP+) / genetics
  • Glyceraldehyde 3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (NADP+) / physiology
  • Glycolysis / drug effects
  • Glycolysis / physiology
  • Humans
  • Kluyveromyces / enzymology
  • Kluyveromyces / genetics
  • Models, Biological
  • NADP / metabolism
  • Oxidants / pharmacology
  • Oxidative Stress* / drug effects
  • Oxidative Stress* / physiology
  • Pentose Phosphate Pathway / drug effects
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins / genetics
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins / physiology
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae / drug effects
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae / genetics
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae / metabolism*
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / genetics
  • Superoxides / metabolism
  • Triose-Phosphate Isomerase / genetics
  • Triose-Phosphate Isomerase / physiology*

Substances

  • Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins
  • Oxidants
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins
  • Superoxides
  • NADP
  • Glyceraldehyde 3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (NADP+)
  • Triose-Phosphate Isomerase