Mitral annular calcification is associated with reduced left ventricular function and inflammation in patients with chronic kidney disease

J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2008 Jun;21(6):747-50. doi: 10.1016/j.echo.2007.10.026. Epub 2008 Jan 9.

Abstract

Background: Mitral annular calcification (MAC) is prevalent in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD); however, it is not known whether the increased cardiovascular risk observed in patients with CKD and MAC is related to atherosclerotic burden, because they share common risk factors.

Methods: Transthoracic echocardiography was performed in patients with CKD undergoing pre-kidney transplantation evaluation. Fasting lipids, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, parathyroid hormone, calcium, and creatinine levels were measured.

Results: Of 99 participants, the 31 with MAC had higher carotid intima-media thickness (P = .004), lower left ventricular ejection fraction (P = .016), and higher high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (P = .01). MAC was predicted independently by increasing high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, decreasing left ventricular ejection fraction, and not being on dialysis (likelihood ratio 21.8, P < .001). Models were not affected significantly by the addition of age, carotid intima-media thickness, and other laboratory tests.

Conclusions: In patients with CKD, MAC is associated with inflammation, reduced left ventricular function, and treatment with dialysis, independent of the degree of subclinical atherosclerosis.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Biomarkers / blood
  • C-Reactive Protein / metabolism
  • Calcinosis / complications
  • Calcinosis / diagnostic imaging*
  • Calcinosis / physiopathology
  • Calcium / blood
  • Creatinine / blood
  • Female
  • Glomerular Filtration Rate
  • Humans
  • Inflammation / diagnostic imaging
  • Inflammation / etiology
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Mitral Valve / diagnostic imaging*
  • Mitral Valve / pathology*
  • Mitral Valve Stenosis / diagnostic imaging*
  • Mitral Valve Stenosis / etiology
  • Mitral Valve Stenosis / physiopathology
  • Parathyroid Hormone / blood
  • Prevalence
  • Prospective Studies
  • Renal Dialysis*
  • Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / complications
  • Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / diagnostic imaging*
  • Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / physiopathology
  • Risk Factors
  • Stroke Volume
  • Tunica Intima / pathology
  • Tunica Media / pathology
  • Ultrasonography
  • Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / diagnostic imaging*
  • Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / etiology
  • Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / pathology

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • Parathyroid Hormone
  • C-Reactive Protein
  • Creatinine
  • Calcium