Emergency surgery of the abdominal aorta in a porcine model: two sequential experiments

World J Surg. 2008 Apr;32(4):642-7. doi: 10.1007/s00268-007-9346-2.

Abstract

The aim of this study was to design an aggressive nonlethal animal model that would simulate surgical treatment of the abdominal aorta with a view to studying the systemic inflammatory response. Fourteen pigs were subjected to two sequential experiments. Experiment A was performed to determine the response to two degrees of hemorrhage: (A1) 40% bleeding; and (A2) 60% bleeding over 15 minutes followed by midline laparotomy and aortic dissection. Experiment B included two methods of aortic repair: (B1) aortic resection and replacement with a prosthesis; and (B2) aortic bypass without aortic resection. In the latter two groups, suprarenal aortic cross-clamping was placed for 30 minutes after a 40% hemorrhage. We analyzed various inflammatory markers and mortality. The 40% bleeding (vs. 60%) elicited a smaller decrease in mean arterial pressure (110 +/- 6 vs. 89 +/- 9 mmHg) but did not cause irreversible shock or mortality. After the 40% hemorrhage, the B1 aortic repair caused two cases of paraplegia. We have developed a model to study the combined effect of bleeding and aortic cross-clamping.

MeSH terms

  • Anastomosis, Surgical / adverse effects
  • Anastomosis, Surgical / methods*
  • Anastomosis, Surgical / mortality
  • Animals
  • Aorta, Abdominal / surgery*
  • Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation / methods
  • Dissection
  • Emergencies
  • Hemodynamics / physiology
  • Hemorrhage / complications*
  • Hemorrhage / mortality
  • Male
  • Models, Animal
  • Swine
  • Treatment Outcome