The aims of the study were to evaluate the incidence and the clinical implications of human herpesvirus (HHV)-7 primary infection in patients undergoing kidney transplantation and the probable interactions between the three beta-herpesviruses (cytomegalovirus [CMV], HHV-6, and HHV-7). Sixty kidney transplant recipients had sequential plasma and whole blood samples collected prior to transplantation and at 7, 14, 21, 28, 45, 60, 75, 90, and 180 days posttransplantation. We used indirect immunofluorescence assays to detect HHV-7 immunoglobulin (Ig) G antibodies in plasma and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction to assess CMV, HHV-6 and HHV-7 viral loads. Sixteen out of 60 patients (27%) did not show HHV-7 IgG antibodies prior to transplantation and they were selected for this study. Whereas 3 (18.75%) out of the 16 HHV-7 seronegative patients seroconverted after transplantation, only one patient (6%) had a high HHV-7 viral load from the seventh day posttransplantation in consecutive blood samples during follow-up without clinical manifestations. In our study, the incidence of posttransplant HHV-7 primary infection was low and asymptomatic.