Bleeding patterns during continuous combined estrogen-progestogen therapy

Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1991 May;164(5 Pt 1):1163-8. doi: 10.1016/0002-9378(91)90677-j.

Abstract

Bleeding and climacteric symptoms were recorded in two groups of postmenopausal women receiving either continuous combined estradiol and norethisterone acetate or estradiol and cyproterone acetate. Out of a sample of 99 postmenopausal women aged 45 to 54 years, 86 completed a 2-year, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Comparison of the bleeding patterns in the two groups revealed a statistically significant difference: More women in the estradiol-cyproterone acetate group experienced bleeding and for a longer duration. Thirteen women in the estradiol-norethisterone acetate group were amenorrheic, compared with two in the other group. The Kupperman index score in both groups declined to about 30% to 40% of initial values (p less than 0.001). The hot flushes in both treatment groups decreased to a highly significant degree (p less than 0.001), to a value below 20% of baseline values. We conclude that a continuous combination of estrogen and progestogen can produce amenorrhea and symptomatic relief. However, the progestogen components seem to differ in their ability to control bleeding.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial
  • Comparative Study
  • Controlled Clinical Trial

MeSH terms

  • Amenorrhea / chemically induced
  • Androgen Antagonists / therapeutic use*
  • Cyproterone / analogs & derivatives*
  • Cyproterone / therapeutic use
  • Cyproterone Acetate
  • Double-Blind Method
  • Drug Therapy, Combination
  • Estradiol / blood
  • Estradiol / therapeutic use*
  • Estrogen Replacement Therapy* / adverse effects
  • Female
  • Hemorrhage / chemically induced*
  • Humans
  • Menopause / drug effects
  • Middle Aged
  • Norethindrone / therapeutic use*
  • Patient Compliance

Substances

  • Androgen Antagonists
  • Cyproterone Acetate
  • Estradiol
  • Cyproterone
  • Norethindrone