Background: To investigate the activation patterns and conduction velocity (CV) in the posterolateral right atrial (RA) wall during typical counterclockwise atrial flutter (AFL) using an electroanatomic mapping system.
Methods and results: During typical AFL in 25 patients, the transverse conduction pattern and CV were classified and calculated. The line blocking transverse conduction was defined by the conduction pattern and double potentials recorded during mapping. There were 3 types (including 2 subtypes) of transverse conduction pattern based on the conduction blocks across the posterolateral RA in a line between the superior and inferior venae cava. Trans-cristal conduction activation in a horizontal direction was seen in all but 4 patients. The CV in the gap area was 0.59+/-0.21 m/s.
Conclusions: Three types of transverse conduction pattern were observed during trans-ctristal conduction and the trans-ctristal CV was relatively slower than that in other parts of the RA, except for the isthmus.