Effects of antidepressants and benzodiazepines on stimulated salivary flow rate and biochemistry composition of the saliva

Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2008 Jul;106(1):58-65. doi: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2007.11.008. Epub 2008 Mar 10.

Abstract

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of psychotropics on stimulated salivary flow rate (SSFR), total proteins, urea and calcium concentration, alpha-amylase activity, pH, saliva buffer capacity (SBC), and the prevalence of xerostomia in psychotropic users and its relationship with low SSFR and/or hyposalivation.

Study design: Thirty-three subjects were allocated to 4 groups: I (control): II (psychotropic users); III (subjects of group II using only selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors [SSRIs]); and IV (subjects of group II using SSRIs at recommended initial dose). The SBC was obtained by titrimetry and salivary composition by colorimetric method.

Results: Group II presented a significant decrease (P = .0203), of 33.85% in SSFR compared with group I. Mean SSFR values in groups III and IV showed no significant difference compared with control group (P > .05). Xerostomia was observed in 37.50%, 38.46%, and 50% of subjects in groups II, III, and IV, respectively. Biochemical composition, pH, and SBC were not significantly affected (P > .05) by the use of psychotropics.

Conclusions: Xerostomia was associated with a decrease in SSFR and not with alterations in biochemical composition. Even when using the latest-generation drugs, there were complaints of xerostomia associated with decrease in SSFR.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Analysis of Variance
  • Antidepressive Agents / adverse effects*
  • Benzodiazepines / adverse effects*
  • Buffers
  • Colorimetry
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Physical Stimulation
  • Saliva / chemistry
  • Saliva / metabolism
  • Salivary Proteins and Peptides / analysis
  • Salivation / drug effects*
  • Secretory Rate / drug effects
  • Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / adverse effects*
  • Statistics, Nonparametric
  • Titrimetry
  • Xerostomia / chemically induced*
  • alpha-Amylases / analysis

Substances

  • Antidepressive Agents
  • Buffers
  • Salivary Proteins and Peptides
  • Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors
  • Benzodiazepines
  • alpha-Amylases