Background: The left ventricular (LV) developed pressure is a marker of contractility, associated with a poor prognosis during systolic heart failure. The maximal first derivative or slope of the radial pulse wave (Rad dP/dt) has been proposed as a marker of LV systolic function. This study sought to assess the prognostic value of the baseline dP/dt of the radial pulse in patients with heart failure.
Methods: The Rad dP/dt was noninvasively measured by applanation tonometry, and its effect on mortality was analyzed by using multivariate Cox regression models. We studied 310 consecutive patients. Mean follow-up was 327 +/- 187 days, and 64 patients died or were transplanted during this period.
Results: Death or transplantation was associated with New York Heart Association class III or IV, low systolic or mean blood pressure, low LV ejection fraction, and low Rad dP/dt (634.6 +/- 373.3 vs 730.2 +/- 367.4 mm Hg/s for patients who survived without transplantation, P < .02). A Rad dP/dt <440 mm Hg/s was associated with death or transplantation before and after adjustment for confounding variables (OR [95% CI] 2.19 [1.33-3.58] and 2.88 [1.29-6.38], respectively, P < .01 for both). This relationship was independent of pulse pressure and no significant interaction was found between the Rad dP/dt and the pulse pressure.
Conclusion: This study demonstrates, for the first time, that the Rad dP/dt, proposed as a noninvasive peripheral marker of LV systolic function, is an independent predictor of death or transplantation in patients with HF regardless of LV ejection fraction.