Galangin increases the cytotoxic activity of imatinib mesylate in imatinib-sensitive and imatinib-resistant Bcr-Abl expressing leukemia cells

Cancer Lett. 2008 Jul 8;265(2):289-97. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2008.02.025. Epub 2008 Apr 18.

Abstract

Resistance to imatinib mesylate is an emergent problem in the treatment of Bcr-Abl expressing myelogenous leukemias and additional therapeutic strategies are required. We observed that galangin, a non-toxic, naturally occurring flavonoid was effective as anti-proliferative, and apoptotic agent in Bcr-Abl expressing K562 and KCL22 cells and in imatinib mesylate resistant K562-R and KCL22-R cells. Galangin induced an arrest of cells in G0-G1phase of cell cycle and a decrease in pRb, cdk4, cdk1, cycline B levels; moreover, it was able to induce a monocytic differentiation of leukemic Bcr-Abl+ cells. Of note, galangin caused a decrease in Bcl-2 levels and markedly increased the apoptotic activity of imatinib both in sensitive or imatinib-resistant Bcr-Abl+ cell lines. In contrast, flavonoids unable to modify the Bcl-2 intracellular levels, such as fisetin and chrysin, did not increase the apoptotic effect of imatinib. These data suggest that galangin is an interesting candidate for a combination therapy in the treatment of imatinib-resistant leukemias.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use*
  • Apoptosis / drug effects
  • Benzamides
  • Cell Differentiation / drug effects
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Drug Resistance, Neoplasm*
  • Flavonoids / therapeutic use*
  • G1 Phase / drug effects
  • Humans
  • Imatinib Mesylate
  • K562 Cells
  • Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive / drug therapy*
  • Piperazines / therapeutic use*
  • Pyrimidines / therapeutic use*
  • Resting Phase, Cell Cycle / drug effects

Substances

  • Benzamides
  • Flavonoids
  • Piperazines
  • Pyrimidines
  • galangin
  • Imatinib Mesylate