The second Japanese Urological Association-Japanese Society of Medical Oncology joint conference was held on 25 October 2007. The theme of this year's conference was 'Diagnosis and treatment of urological malignant tumors: How can we promote subspecialists?' This Meeting Report briefly discusses the themes of uro-oncology education; collaboration of urologists and medical oncologists for treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma; the role of urologists in treatment of urological cancer; the role of the medical oncologist in therapy, and collaboration between the JUA and the JSMO.