Abstract
Angiogenesis, the growth of new blood vessels from previously existing vasculature, is a requirement for tumor growth and metastasis. The first US FDA-approved drugs targeting angiogenesis have shown potential in the treatment of malignant gliomas. Immunotherapy as a treatment modality lends itself well to specifically targeting angiogenesis in tumors and may represent a powerful tool in the treatment of malignant gliomas. This review focuses on developments in immunotherapy targeting angiogenesis and tumor-vascular-specific endothelial cells using a variety of immunotherapeutic strategies including monoclonal antibodies and conjugated immunotoxins, as well as cellular, peptide, DNA and dendritic cell vaccines.
MeSH terms
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Angiogenesis Inhibitors / therapeutic use*
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Animals
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Antibodies, Monoclonal / therapeutic use
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Antigens, Neoplasm / immunology
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Antigens, Neoplasm / metabolism
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Brain Neoplasms / blood supply
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Brain Neoplasms / immunology
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Brain Neoplasms / therapy*
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Cancer Vaccines / therapeutic use
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Dendritic Cells / immunology
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Glioma / blood supply
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Glioma / immunology
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Glioma / therapy*
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Humans
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Immunization, Passive
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Immunotoxins / therapeutic use
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Radioimmunotherapy
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Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor / immunology
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Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor / metabolism
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Vaccines, DNA / therapeutic use
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Vaccines, Subunit / therapeutic use
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Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors / immunology
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Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors / metabolism
Substances
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Angiogenesis Inhibitors
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Antibodies, Monoclonal
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Antigens, Neoplasm
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Cancer Vaccines
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Immunotoxins
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Vaccines, DNA
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Vaccines, Subunit
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Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors
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Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor