Gypenosides inhibited invasion and migration of human tongue cancer SCC4 cells through down-regulation of NFkappaB and matrix metalloproteinase-9

Anticancer Res. 2008 Mar-Apr;28(2A):1093-9.

Abstract

Gypenosides (Gyp), components of Gynostemma pentaphyllum Makino, were found to induce suppression of human tongue squamous cell carcinoma SCC4 cell growth and induce apoptosis in response to overexpression of reactive oxygen species, calcium (Ca(+2)) and to decrease mitochondrial membrane potential in vitro. In this study, the effect of Gyp on cell migration and invasion of human tongue SCC4 cells was examined. SCC4 cells treated in vitro with Gyp migrated and invaded less than cells treated with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) as a control. Gyp inhibited migration and invasion by down-regulating the production of RAS, NFkappaB, COX2, ERK1/2 and MMP-9 relative to PBS only. These results show that Gyp inhibits invasion and migration of human tongue SCC4 cells by down-regulating proteins associated with these processes, resulting in reduced metastasis.

MeSH terms

  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / enzymology*
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / pathology*
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Movement
  • Down-Regulation
  • Gynostemma
  • Humans
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / metabolism
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / metabolism*
  • NF-kappaB-Inducing Kinase
  • Plant Extracts / pharmacology
  • Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / metabolism*
  • Tongue Neoplasms / enzymology*
  • Tongue Neoplasms / pathology*

Substances

  • Plant Extracts
  • gypenoside
  • Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 2
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 9