Capsule endoscopy and bowel preparation with oral sodium phosphate: a prospective randomized controlled trial

Gastrointest Endosc. 2008 Jun;67(7):1091-6. doi: 10.1016/j.gie.2007.11.053.

Abstract

Background: Capsule endoscopy (CE) is the first procedure to explore the small bowel in obscure GI bleeding (OGB).

Objective: To evaluate the role of bowel preparation with oral sodium phosphate (NaP) in this indication.

Design: A prospective multicenter, controlled, randomized, blind study.

Methods: A total of 129 patients with the diagnosis of OGB were included and were randomized into 2 groups (group A [n = 64] and group B [n = 63]). In group A, a CE was performed after an 8-hour fasting period. In group B, patients were asked to drink 2 doses of 45 mL NaP before swallowing the capsule. The quality of the images was assessed at 5 different locations of the small bowel. Bowel cleanliness and visibility were evaluated by using 2 scoring systems, which included assessing the presence of bubbles, liquid, and the rate of visibility.

Results: A total of 127 patients (53 men; mean age 56.9 years, range 19-90 years) were analyzed for the preparation and detection of lesions (2 patients were not able to swallow the capsule). No difference was observed for cleanliness and visibility between the 2 groups at any of the small-bowel segments; no difference was found for gastric transit time (39.8 minutes vs 35.7 minutes, P = .63), small-bowel transit time (257.5 minutes vs 248.6 minutes, P = .59), and the detection of lesions (35.9% vs 42.8%, P = .54).

Limitations: The evaluation of bowel cleanliness was based on subjective features.

Conclusions: The results of the present study, despite a significant number of limitations, did not support that small-bowel preparation with oral NaP can be recommended for CE exploration in patients with OGB.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study
  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Oral
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Capsule Endoscopy / adverse effects
  • Capsule Endoscopy / methods*
  • Cathartics / administration & dosage*
  • Double-Blind Method
  • Fasting*
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / diagnosis*
  • Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / surgery
  • Gastrointestinal Transit / drug effects
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Observer Variation
  • Phosphates / administration & dosage*
  • Preoperative Care / methods
  • Probability
  • Risk Assessment
  • Sensitivity and Specificity
  • Therapeutic Irrigation / methods

Substances

  • Cathartics
  • Phosphates
  • sodium phosphate