Abstract
Nipah virus (NiV) and Hendra virus (HeV) are closely related deadly zoonotic paramyxoviruses that have emerged and re-emerged over the last 10 years. In this study, a subunit vaccine formulation containing only recombinant, soluble, attachment glycoprotein from HeV (sG(HeV)) and CpG adjuvant was evaluated as a potential NiV vaccine in the cat model. Different amounts of sG(HeV) were employed and sG-induced immunity was examined. Vaccinated animals demonstrated varying levels of NiV-specific Ig systemically and importantly, all vaccinated cats possessed antigen-specific IgA on the mucosa. Upon oronasal challenge with NiV (50,000TCID50), all vaccinated animals were protected from disease although virus was detected on day 21 post-challenge in one animal. The ability to elicit protective systemic and mucosal immunity in this animal model provides significant progress towards the development of a human subunit vaccine against henipaviruses.
Publication types
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Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Adjuvants, Immunologic / administration & dosage
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Adjuvants, Immunologic / pharmacology
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Animals
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Antibodies, Viral / analysis
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Antibodies, Viral / blood
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Cats
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Female
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Henipavirus Infections / prevention & control*
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Immunity, Mucosal
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Immunization, Secondary
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Immunoglobulin A / analysis
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Immunoglobulin G / blood
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Immunoglobulin M / blood
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Lung / pathology
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Male
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Mouth / virology
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Nipah Virus / immunology*
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Oligodeoxyribonucleotides / administration & dosage
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Oligodeoxyribonucleotides / pharmacology
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Urine / virology
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Vaccines, Subunit / immunology
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Vaccines, Synthetic / immunology
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Viral Envelope Proteins / genetics
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Viral Envelope Proteins / immunology*
Substances
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Adjuvants, Immunologic
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Antibodies, Viral
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CPG-oligonucleotide
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Immunoglobulin A
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Immunoglobulin G
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Immunoglobulin M
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Oligodeoxyribonucleotides
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Vaccines, Subunit
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Vaccines, Synthetic
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Viral Envelope Proteins