Sympatho-excitation is an important factor to aggravate chronic congestive heart failure. It has been demonstrated by neuroanatomy that presympathetic neurons receive projections from the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus and the rostral ventrolateral medulla. Augmented sympathetic drive is induced by the excitation of the two nucleus in heart failure. Therefore, many scholars divert their attentions to central nervous system in order to find the factors influencing sympathetic activity. The research is just emerging and the reports in this field are limited, but previous results support the point that brain renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system contributes to sympatho-excitation in heart failure.