The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is committed to working with the oncology community to expedite the drug evaluation process in view of the many promising new oncology drugs under laboratory development and the time and expense required for such new drugs to reach the patient population. One significant advance would be to enable quantitative imaging as a tumor biomarker. The FDA is working with the pharmaceutical industry, academia, and sister stakeholders in the government, primarily through collaborative educational and research efforts, to identify how imaging can serve this function.