Structure of the two transmembrane Cu+ transport sites of the Cu+ -ATPases

J Biol Chem. 2008 Oct 31;283(44):29753-9. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M803248200. Epub 2008 Sep 4.

Abstract

Cu(+)-ATPases drive metal efflux from the cell cytoplasm. Paramount to this function is the binding of Cu(+) within the transmembrane region and its coupled translocation across the permeability barrier. Here, we describe the two transmembrane Cu(+) transport sites present in Archaeoglobus fulgidus CopA. Both sites can be independently loaded with Cu(+). However, their simultaneous occupation is associated with enzyme turnover. Site I is constituted by two Cys in transmembrane segment (TM) 6 and a Tyr in TM7. An Asn in TM7 and Met and Ser in TM8 form Site II. Single site x-ray spectroscopic analysis indicates a trigonal coordination in both sites. This architecture is distinct from that observed in Cu(+)-trafficking chaperones and classical cuproproteins. The high affinity of these sites for Cu(+) (Site I K(a)=1.3 fM(-1), Site II K(a)=1.1 fM(-1)), in conjunction with reversible direct Cu(+) transfer from chaperones, points to a transport mechanism where backward release of free Cu(+) to the cytoplasm is largely prevented.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Adenosine Triphosphatases / chemistry*
  • Archaeoglobus fulgidus / metabolism*
  • Binding Sites
  • Biological Transport
  • Copper / chemistry*
  • Cysteine / chemistry
  • Histidine / chemistry
  • Kinetics
  • Models, Biological
  • Molecular Chaperones / chemistry
  • Mutagenesis, Site-Directed
  • Nitrophenols / chemistry
  • Organophosphorus Compounds / chemistry
  • Protein Transport
  • Tyrosine / chemistry
  • X-Rays

Substances

  • Molecular Chaperones
  • Nitrophenols
  • Organophosphorus Compounds
  • nitrophenylphosphate
  • Tyrosine
  • Histidine
  • Copper
  • Adenosine Triphosphatases
  • Cysteine