Vitamin C inhibits p53-induced replicative senescence through suppression of ROS production and p38 MAPK activity

Int J Mol Med. 2008 Nov;22(5):651-5.

Abstract

We previously reported that tumor cells expressing p53 increase intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this study, we described an inhibitory effect of vitamin C on replicative senescence. Vitamin C was found to inhibit p53-induced senescence in human bladder cancer EJ cells. The senescence-like phenotype (SLP) induced by p53, which showed a morphological change and an irreversible cell cycle arrest, was not observed in vitamin C-treated EJ cells. In addition, vitamin C did not significantly affect normal cell proliferation. We investigated the molecular mechanisms of the inhibitory effect of vitamin C on the development of replicative senescence in EJ cells. We found that vitamin C inhibited this p53-induced ROS generation. Moreover, p38 kinase which was activated during p53-induced senescence was not observed in vitamin C-treated EJ cells. SB203580, a chemical inhibitor of p38 kinase, was found to consistently inhibit p53-induced senescence. Therefore, it is suggested that vitamin C inhibits p53-induced senescence by preventing ROS generation, which in turn leads to the activation of p38 MAPKinase. These results reveal the inhibitory mechanism of vitamin C on cellular senescence.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Antioxidants / pharmacology*
  • Ascorbic Acid / pharmacology*
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cellular Senescence / drug effects*
  • Enzyme Activation / drug effects
  • Enzyme Inhibitors / pharmacology
  • Humans
  • Imidazoles / pharmacology
  • Pyridines / pharmacology
  • Reactive Oxygen Species / metabolism*
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / metabolism*
  • p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / antagonists & inhibitors
  • p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / metabolism*

Substances

  • Antioxidants
  • Enzyme Inhibitors
  • Imidazoles
  • Pyridines
  • Reactive Oxygen Species
  • TP53 protein, human
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53
  • p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
  • SB 203580
  • Ascorbic Acid