Continuous measurements of airway pressure, gas flow, and tidal volume were made in 22 mechanically ventilated children, both during steady state conditions and following airway occlusion at end-inflation. For each child, three methods of analyzing the stored data were used to generate values of respiratory system compliance and resistance: 1) end-inspiratory hold technique (Bone: Respir Care 28:597, 1983; Rossi et al. Am Rev Respir Dis 131:672, 1985); 2) constant flow technique (Rossi et al. J Appl Physiol 58:1849, 1985; Suratt et al. J Appl Physiol 49:1116, 1980); and 3) multiple linear regression (Roy et al. Comput Biomed Res 7:21, 1974; Bhutani et al. Pediatr Pulmonol 4:150, 1988). In the absence of an accepted standard, we used the inspiratory hold technique as a reference. All methods gave comparable values for respiratory mechanics over a wide clinical range. However, multiple linear regression was the most convenient of the three: it can be automated and continuously displayed, there is no subjective input, values are taken through the respiratory cycle, and it is completely noninvasive. We also found that respiratory system resistance was largely a measure of endotracheal tube resistance and that respiratory compliance is a more sensitive monitor of lung function in intubated children.