C-terminal loop 13 of Na+/glucose cotransporter 1 contains both stereospecific and non-stereospecific sugar interaction sites

J Biol Chem. 2009 Jan 9;284(2):983-91. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M805082200. Epub 2008 Nov 13.

Abstract

To investigate whether the C-terminal loop 13 of rabbit sodium/glucose cotransporter SGLT1 is involved in the recognition of the substrate d-glucose, isolated loop 13 (amino acids (aa) 541-638) was immobilized to a lipid bilayer. Interactions were investigated by surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy using an antibody directed against the late part of the loop (aa 606-631) or the glucoside transport inhibitor phlorizin. Specific binding of the antibody to the loop could be detected. The number of bound antibodies decreased upon the addition of d-glucose but not upon the addition of l-glucose. Phlorizin also significantly lowered the number of bound antibodies. Binding of phlorizin to the loop could also be demonstrated directly. Binding of phlorizin was, however, reduced to a similar extent upon the addition of either d-glucose or l-glucose, indicating their unspecific competition with the inhibitor's sugar moiety. Thus, the presence of a stereospecific glucose interaction site in the late part of the loop and a second, but non-stereospecific, sugar binding site on the same loop was assumed. To investigate whether the early part of loop 13 contains this non-stereospecific sugar binding site, peptides containing aa 541-598 were expressed in Escherichia coli and purified. Both d-glucose and l-glucose quenched the peptides tryptophan fluorescence and reduced the Trp accessibility to acrylamide to a similar degree. In view of the recently proposed transmembrane orientation of loop 13, the two binding sites may be part of the extracellular (stereospecific) and intracellular (non-stereospecific) sugar interaction sites of SGLT1.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Animals
  • Binding Sites
  • Biological Transport
  • Circular Dichroism
  • Gene Expression
  • Glucose / chemistry*
  • Glucose / metabolism*
  • Lipid Bilayers / metabolism
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Protein Binding
  • Protein Structure, Secondary
  • Rabbits
  • Sodium-Glucose Transporter 1 / chemistry
  • Sodium-Glucose Transporter 1 / genetics
  • Sodium-Glucose Transporter 1 / isolation & purification
  • Sodium-Glucose Transporter 1 / metabolism*
  • Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
  • Stereoisomerism
  • Substrate Specificity

Substances

  • Lipid Bilayers
  • Sodium-Glucose Transporter 1
  • Glucose