PML tumor suppressor is regulated by HIPK2-mediated phosphorylation in response to DNA damage

Oncogene. 2009 Feb 5;28(5):698-708. doi: 10.1038/onc.2008.420. Epub 2008 Nov 17.

Abstract

The promyelocytic leukemia (PML) tumor suppressor protein, a central regulator of cell proliferation and apoptosis, is frequently fused to the retinoic acid receptor-alpha (RARalpha) in acute PML. Here we show the interaction of PML with another tumor suppressor protein, the serine/threonine kinase homeodomain-interacting protein kinase (HIPK2). In response to DNA damage, HIPK2 phosphorylates PML at serines 8 and 38. Although HIPK2-mediated phosphorylation of PML occurs early during the DNA damage response, the oncogenic PML-RARalpha fusion protein is phosphorylated with significantly delayed kinetics. DNA damage or HIPK2 expression leads to the stabilization of PML and PML-RARalpha proteins. The N-terminal phosphorylation sites contribute to the DNA damage-induced PML SUMOylation and are required for the ability of PML to cooperate with HIPK2 for the induction of cell death.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Carrier Proteins / metabolism*
  • Cell Death / physiology
  • Cells, Cultured
  • DNA Damage / physiology*
  • Genes, Tumor Suppressor
  • Humans
  • Nuclear Proteins / chemistry
  • Nuclear Proteins / metabolism*
  • Phosphorylation
  • Promyelocytic Leukemia Protein
  • Protein Binding
  • Protein Processing, Post-Translational
  • Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / metabolism*
  • Protein Stability
  • Protein Structure, Tertiary
  • SUMO-1 Protein / metabolism
  • Serine / metabolism
  • Transcription Factors / chemistry
  • Transcription Factors / metabolism*
  • Tumor Suppressor Proteins / chemistry
  • Tumor Suppressor Proteins / metabolism*

Substances

  • Carrier Proteins
  • Nuclear Proteins
  • Promyelocytic Leukemia Protein
  • SUMO-1 Protein
  • Transcription Factors
  • Tumor Suppressor Proteins
  • PML protein, human
  • Serine
  • HIPK2 protein, human
  • Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases