Use of emergency department transcranial Doppler assessment of reperfusion after intravenous tPA for ischemic stroke

J Emerg Med. 2012 Jan;42(1):40-3. doi: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2008.06.028. Epub 2008 Dec 25.

Abstract

Background: Thrombolysis with intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (IV-tPA) has been associated with significant improvements in clinical outcomes when initiated within 3 h of symptom onset. Although adjunctive therapies for acute stroke have been developed, challenges remain in identifying appropriate patients and therapeutic end-point measurements.

Objective: To describe the use of transcranial Doppler (TCD) monitoring in the Emergency Department (ED) to guide the decision for advanced reperfusion strategies after failure of IV-tPA.

Case report: A 75-year-old man presented to the ED within 50 min after the acute onset of right-sided hemiparesis and aphasia. After administration of IV-tPA, there was no immediate improvement in neurological symptoms. TCD performed in the ED demonstrated persistent left middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion. Based on this information, the patient received intra-arterial tPA followed by mechanical thrombectomy of the MCA occlusion, resulting in clinical improvement of the patient's right hemiparesis and aphasia.

Conclusion: TCD is a feasible assessment tool for use in the ED to aid in diagnosis and to guide treatment decisions in patients with acute ischemic stroke, including those not responding to IV-tPA therapy.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Brain Ischemia / diagnostic imaging*
  • Brain Ischemia / drug therapy
  • Cerebrovascular Circulation
  • Emergency Service, Hospital*
  • Fibrinolytic Agents / administration & dosage
  • Humans
  • Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery / diagnostic imaging*
  • Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery / drug therapy
  • Infusions, Intra-Arterial
  • Male
  • Reperfusion
  • Tissue Plasminogen Activator / administration & dosage
  • Treatment Failure
  • Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial*

Substances

  • Fibrinolytic Agents
  • Tissue Plasminogen Activator