Interleukin 7 signaling in dendritic cells regulates the homeostatic proliferation and niche size of CD4+ T cells

Nat Immunol. 2009 Feb;10(2):149-57. doi: 10.1038/ni.1695. Epub 2009 Jan 11.

Abstract

Interleukin 7 (IL-7) and T cell antigen receptor signals have been proposed to be the main drivers of homeostatic T cell proliferation. However, it is not known why CD4(+) T cells undergo less-efficient homeostatic proliferation than CD8(+) T cells do. Here we show that systemic IL-7 concentrations increased during lymphopenia because of diminished use of IL-7 but that IL-7 signaling on IL-7 receptor-alpha-positive (IL-7Ralpha(+)) dendritic cells (DCs) in lymphopenic settings paradoxically diminished the homeostatic proliferation of CD4(+) T cells. This effect was mediated at least in part by IL-7-mediated downregulation of the expression of major histocompatibility complex class II on IL-7Ralpha(+) DCs. Our results indicate that IL-7Ralpha(+) DCs are regulators of the peripheral CD4(+) T cell niche and that IL-7 signals in DCs prevent uncontrolled CD4(+) T cell population expansion in vivo.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / cytology
  • CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / immunology*
  • CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / metabolism
  • CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / cytology
  • CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / immunology
  • Cell Proliferation*
  • Dendritic Cells / immunology
  • Dendritic Cells / metabolism*
  • Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
  • Feedback, Physiological
  • Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / immunology
  • Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / metabolism
  • Homeostasis / immunology*
  • Interleukin-7 / genetics
  • Interleukin-7 / immunology
  • Interleukin-7 / metabolism*
  • Lymphocyte Activation / immunology
  • Lymphopenia / immunology
  • Lymphopenia / metabolism
  • Mice
  • Mice, Mutant Strains
  • Receptors, Interleukin-7 / immunology
  • Receptors, Interleukin-7 / metabolism
  • Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Signal Transduction / physiology
  • Stromal Cells / immunology
  • Stromal Cells / metabolism

Substances

  • Histocompatibility Antigens Class II
  • Interleukin-7
  • Receptors, Interleukin-7