Abstract
Frondoside A is a pentaoside having an acetyl moiety at the aglycon ring and xylose as a third monosaccharide residue. Cucumarioside A(2)-2 is a pentaoside having glucose as a third monosaccahride unit. We compared the effects of frondoside A and A(2)-2 for cell death-inducing capability with close attention paid to structure-activity relationships. Both frondoside A and A(2)-2 strongly induced apoptosis of leukemic cells. Frondoside A-induced apoptosis was more potent and rapid than A(2)-2-induced apoptosis. A(2)-2-induced but not frondoside A-induced apoptosis was caspase-dependent. This suggests that holothurians may induce apoptosis of leukemic cells caspase-dependently or -independently, depending on the holothurian structure.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Annexin A5 / metabolism
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Apoptosis / drug effects*
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Caspases / metabolism
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Cell Survival / drug effects
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Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
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Enzyme Activation / drug effects
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Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate / metabolism
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Fluorescent Dyes / metabolism
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Glycosides / chemistry
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Glycosides / isolation & purification*
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Glycosides / pharmacology*
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HL-60 Cells
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Humans
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Lethal Dose 50
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Leukemia / pathology*
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Molecular Structure
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Saponins / chemistry
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Saponins / isolation & purification*
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Saponins / pharmacology*
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Sea Cucumbers / chemistry*
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Time Factors
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Triterpenes / chemistry
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Triterpenes / isolation & purification*
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Triterpenes / pharmacology*
Substances
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Annexin A5
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Fluorescent Dyes
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Glycosides
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Saponins
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Triterpenes
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cucumarioside A2-2
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frondoside A
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cucumarioside
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Caspases
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Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate