Abstract
Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) is a common agent of viral myocarditis, a major cause of sudden cardiac death, and ultimately dilated cardiomyopathy. However, there is no vaccine in clinical use. In this study, we identified the conserved amino acid sequences in the C-terminal region of the VP2 of the coxsackievirus B group and some echoviruses. The mutant virus, YYFF, with phenylalanines substituted for two tyrosines in these conserved sequences was highly attenuated in vivo and could induce a high neutralizing antibody titer and a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response against CVB3. Thereby, mutant-virus-immunized mice showed a 100% survival rate and protection against inflammation of the heart and pancreas after lethal dose challenge. Thus, this mutant virus is a good candidate for an attenuated CVB3 vaccine.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Amino Acid Sequence
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Amino Acid Substitution
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Animals
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Antibodies, Viral / blood
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Antibodies, Viral / immunology
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Capsid Proteins / genetics
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Capsid Proteins / immunology*
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Conserved Sequence
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Coxsackievirus Infections / complications
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Coxsackievirus Infections / prevention & control*
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Enterovirus / immunology
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Male
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Mice
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Mice, Inbred BALB C
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Models, Molecular
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Molecular Sequence Data
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Mutation
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Myocarditis / etiology
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Myocarditis / prevention & control*
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Myocarditis / virology
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Neutralization Tests
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Pancreatitis / etiology
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Pancreatitis / prevention & control*
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Pancreatitis / virology
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Protein Structure, Tertiary
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T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / immunology
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Vaccines, Attenuated / immunology
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Viral Vaccines / immunology*
Substances
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Antibodies, Viral
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Capsid Proteins
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Vaccines, Attenuated
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Viral Vaccines