Effect of casopitant, a novel NK-1 antagonist, on the pharmacokinetics of dolasetron and granisetron

Support Care Cancer. 2009 Sep;17(9):1187-93. doi: 10.1007/s00520-008-0572-4. Epub 2009 Feb 10.

Abstract

Objective: The objective of this study was to characterize the impact of casopitant, a novel neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist under investigation for the prevention of postoperative and chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, on the pharmacokinetics of the commonly prescribed 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3 receptor antagonists, dolasetron or granisetron.

Materials and methods: In a phase I, open-label, two-part, two-period, single-sequence study, two cohorts of healthy subjects received either oral dolasetron (100 mg once daily for 3 days) or oral granisetron (2 mg once daily for 3 days) alone (period 1) and combined with oral casopitant, 150 mg day 1, 50 mg days 2 and 3 (period 2). Pharmacokinetics of hydrodolasetron and granisetron were assessed on days 1 and 3 of each period. Log-transformed area under the curve (AUC) and Cmax were statistically analyzed by performing an analysis of variance. Eighteen subjects were enrolled in the dolasetron cohort; nine subjects were CYP2D6 extensive metabolizers (EMs) and nine subjects were CYP2D6 poor metabolizers. Nineteen subjects were enrolled in the granisetron cohort.

Results: The largest changes in hydrodolasetron exposure after coadministration with casopitant were seen in CYP2D6 EMs, with a 24% increase in hydrodolasetron AUC on day 1 and 30% increase in Cmax on days 1 and 3. All other changes in hydrodolasetron exposure were <20%, and granisetron exposure was not altered to any relevant extent (<11%).

Conclusion: None of the changes observed are considered clinically meaningful, and coadministration of casopitant with dolasetron or granisetron was well tolerated.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial, Phase I

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Antiemetics / administration & dosage
  • Antiemetics / pharmacokinetics*
  • Antiemetics / pharmacology
  • Drug Therapy, Combination
  • Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions
  • Female
  • Granisetron / administration & dosage
  • Granisetron / pharmacokinetics*
  • Humans
  • Indoles / administration & dosage
  • Indoles / pharmacokinetics*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Nausea / chemically induced
  • Nausea / prevention & control
  • Piperazines / administration & dosage
  • Piperazines / pharmacology*
  • Piperidines / administration & dosage
  • Piperidines / pharmacology*
  • Quinolizines / administration & dosage
  • Quinolizines / pharmacokinetics*
  • Vomiting / chemically induced
  • Vomiting / prevention & control
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Antiemetics
  • Indoles
  • Piperazines
  • Piperidines
  • Quinolizines
  • casopitant
  • dolasetron
  • Granisetron