Impact of drug-eluting stents among insulin-treated diabetic patients: a report from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Dynamic Registry

JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2008 Apr;1(2):139-47. doi: 10.1016/j.jcin.2008.02.005.

Abstract

Objectives: This study sought to evaluate the safety and efficacy of drug-eluting stents (DES) compared with bare-metal stents (BMS) in patients with insulin- and noninsulin-treated diabetes.

Background: Diabetes is a powerful predictor of adverse events after percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI), and insulin-treated diabetic patients have worse outcomes. The DES are efficacious among patients with diabetes; however, their safety and efficacy, compared with BMS, among insulin-treated versus noninsulin-treated diabetic patients is not well established.

Methods: Using the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Dynamic Registry, we evaluated 1-year outcomes of insulin-treated (n = 817) and noninsulin-treated (n = 1,749) patients with diabetes who underwent PCI with DES versus BMS.

Results: The use of DES, compared with BMS, was associated with a lower risk for repeat revascularization for both noninsulin-treated patients (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] = 0.59, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.45 to 0.76) and insulin-treated subjects (adjusted HR = 0.63, 95% CI 0.44 to 0.90). With respect to safety in the overall diabetic population, DES use was associated with a reduction of death or myocardial infarction (adjusted HR = 0.75, 95% CI 0.58 to 0.96). However, this benefit was confined to the population of noninsulin-treated patients (adjusted HR = 0.57, 95% CI 0.41 to 0.81). Among insulin-treated patients, there was no difference in death or myocardial infarction risk between DES- and BMS-treated patients (adjusted HR = 0.95, 95% CI 0.65 to 1.39).

Conclusions: Drug-eluting stents are associated with lower risk for repeat revascularization compared with BMS in treating coronary artery disease among patients with either insulin- or noninsulin-treated diabetes. In addition, DES use is not associated with any significant increased safety risk compared with BMS. These findings suggest that DES should be the preferred strategy for diabetic patients.

Keywords: Diabetes; Drug-eluting stents; Insulin; Percutaneous coronary intervention.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / adverse effects
  • Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / instrumentation*
  • Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / mortality
  • Coronary Artery Disease / etiology
  • Coronary Artery Disease / mortality
  • Coronary Artery Disease / therapy*
  • Diabetes Complications / etiology
  • Diabetes Complications / mortality
  • Diabetes Complications / therapy*
  • Diabetes Mellitus / drug therapy*
  • Diabetes Mellitus / mortality
  • Drug-Eluting Stents*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Hypoglycemic Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Insulin / therapeutic use*
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Male
  • Metals
  • Middle Aged
  • Myocardial Infarction / etiology
  • National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (U.S.)
  • Proportional Hazards Models
  • Prosthesis Design
  • Registries
  • Risk Assessment
  • Stents*
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome
  • United States

Substances

  • Hypoglycemic Agents
  • Insulin
  • Metals