Successful deceased-donor kidney transplantation in crossmatch-positive patients with peritransplant plasma exchange and Rituximab

Transplantation. 2009 Mar 15;87(5):668-71. doi: 10.1097/TP.0b013e318198a376.

Abstract

Sensitized patients awaiting renal transplantation have a markedly reduced probability of receiving a crossmatch (XM)-negative renal allograft, and, even if transplanted with a negative complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC)-XM, they are at an increased risk of antibody-mediated humoral rejection with early graft loss. We report here for the first time on the effectiveness of a single pretransplant plasma exchange session in rendering a positive complement-dependent cytotoxicity-XM negative and, in combination with anti-CD20 therapy, allowing successful renal transplantation in two sensitized deceased-donor kidney allograft recipients. In a third patient with high donor-specific reactivity, the therapy was unsuccessful. Plasma exchange treatments were continued during the posttransplant period until stable allograft function was achieved. Both patients showed good graft outcome at 27 and 21 months after transplantation with serum creatinine values of 1.60 and 1.25 mg/dL, respectively.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Antibodies, Monoclonal / therapeutic use*
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived
  • Cadaver
  • Drug Therapy, Combination
  • Female
  • HLA Antigens / immunology
  • Histocompatibility Testing / methods
  • Humans
  • Immunosuppressive Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Isoantibodies / blood
  • Kidney Transplantation / immunology
  • Kidney Transplantation / physiology*
  • Middle Aged
  • Plasma Exchange*
  • Rituximab
  • Tissue Donors

Substances

  • Antibodies, Monoclonal
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived
  • HLA Antigens
  • Immunosuppressive Agents
  • Isoantibodies
  • Rituximab