Crystal structure of the beta beta alpha-Me type II restriction endonuclease Hpy99I with target DNA

Nucleic Acids Res. 2009 Jun;37(11):3799-810. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp228. Epub 2009 Apr 20.

Abstract

The beta beta alpha-Me restriction endonuclease (REase) Hpy99I recognizes the CGWCG target sequence and cleaves it with unusual stagger (five nucleotide 5'-recessed ends). Here we present the crystal structure of the specific complex of the dimeric enzyme with DNA. The Hpy99I protomer consists of an antiparallel beta-barrel and two beta 4 alpha 2 repeats. Each repeat coordinates a structural zinc ion with four cysteine thiolates in two CXXC motifs. The beta beta alpha-Me region of the second beta 4 alpha 2 repeat holds the catalytic metal ion (or its sodium surrogate) via Asp148 and Asn165 and activates a water molecule with the general base His149. In the specific complex, Hpy99I forms a ring-like structure around the DNA that contacts DNA bases on the major and minor groove sides via the first and second beta 4 alpha 2 repeats, respectively. Hpy99I interacts with the central base pair of the recognition sequence only on the minor groove side, where A:T resembles T:A and G:C is similar to C:G. The Hpy99I-DNA co-crystal structure provides the first detailed illustration of the beta beta alpha-Me site in REases and complements structural information on the use of this active site motif in other groups of endonucleases such as homing endonucleases (e.g. I-PpoI) and Holliday junction resolvases (e.g. T4 endonuclease VII).

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Catalytic Domain
  • Crystallography, X-Ray
  • DNA / chemistry*
  • DNA / metabolism
  • Deoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-Specific / chemistry*
  • Deoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-Specific / genetics
  • Deoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-Specific / metabolism
  • Metals / chemistry
  • Models, Molecular
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Mutagenesis, Site-Directed
  • Protein Multimerization
  • Protein Subunits / chemistry

Substances

  • Metals
  • Protein Subunits
  • DNA
  • Deoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-Specific