Stenotrophomonas maltophilia: an emerging opportunist human pathogen

Lancet Infect Dis. 2009 May;9(5):312-23. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(09)70083-0.

Abstract

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia has emerged as an important opportunistic pathogen in the debilitated host. S maltophilia is not an inherently virulent pathogen, but its ability to colonise respiratory-tract epithelial cells and surfaces of medical devices makes it a ready coloniser of hospitalised patients. S maltophilia can cause blood-stream infections and pneumonia with considerable morbidity in immunosuppressed patients. Management of infection is hampered by high-level intrinsic resistance to many antibiotic classes and the increasing occurrence of acquired resistance to the first-line drug co-trimoxazole. Prevention of acquisition and infection depends upon the application of modern infection-control practices, with emphasis on the control of antibiotic use and environmental reservoirs.

MeSH terms

  • Communicable Diseases, Emerging / diagnosis
  • Communicable Diseases, Emerging / drug therapy
  • Communicable Diseases, Emerging / microbiology*
  • Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial
  • Environmental Exposure
  • Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections / diagnosis
  • Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections / drug therapy
  • Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections / microbiology*
  • Humans
  • Microbial Sensitivity Tests
  • Opportunistic Infections / diagnosis
  • Opportunistic Infections / drug therapy
  • Opportunistic Infections / microbiology*
  • Stenotrophomonas maltophilia* / classification
  • Stenotrophomonas maltophilia* / drug effects
  • Stenotrophomonas maltophilia* / pathogenicity
  • Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination / therapeutic use
  • Water Microbiology

Substances

  • Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination