Genetic covariation between theAuthor Recognition Test and reading and verbal abilities: what can we learn from the analysis of high performance?

Behav Genet. 2009 Jul;39(4):417-26. doi: 10.1007/s10519-009-9275-y. Epub 2009 May 6.

Abstract

The Author Recognition Test (ART) measures print exposure and is a unique predictor of phonological and orthographic processes in reading. In a sample of adolescent and young adult twins and siblings (216 MZ/430 DZ pairs, 307 singletons; aged 11-29 years) ART scores were moderately heritable (67%) and correlated with reading and verbal abilities, with genes largely accounting for the covariance. We also examine whether high (and low) (i.e. 1SD above the mean) represents a quantitative extreme of the normal distribution. Heritability for high ART was of similar magnitude to the full sample, but, a specific genetic factor, independent from both low ART performance and high reading ability, accounted for 53-58% of the variance. This suggests a distinct genetic etiology for high ART ability and we speculate that the specific genetic influence is on orthographical processing, a critical factor in developing word recognition skills.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Twin Study

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Analysis of Variance
  • Aptitude Tests
  • Aptitude*
  • Child
  • Child, Gifted / genetics*
  • Child, Gifted / psychology
  • Epistasis, Genetic / genetics
  • Female
  • Genotype
  • Humans
  • Intelligence / genetics*
  • Male
  • Models, Genetic
  • Phenotype
  • Phonetics
  • Queensland
  • Reading*
  • Recognition, Psychology*
  • Siblings / psychology
  • Social Environment
  • Twins, Dizygotic / genetics*
  • Twins, Monozygotic / genetics*
  • Verbal Learning*
  • Vocabulary*
  • Young Adult