M(2)-A induces apoptosis and G(2)-M arrest via inhibiting PI3K/Akt pathway in HL60 cells

Cancer Lett. 2009 Oct 8;283(2):193-202. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2009.03.039. Epub 2009 May 10.

Abstract

Amonafide, a naphthalimide derivative, although selected for exploratory clinical trials for its potent anticancer activity, has long been challenged by its unpredictable side effects. In the present study, a novel amonafide analogue, M(2)-A 2-(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)-6-(thiophene-2-ylmethylamino)-1H-benzo[de]isoquinoline-1,3(2H)-dione was ascribed to its potent effects on topoisomerase IIalpha. Moreover, our investigation indicates that M(2)-A induces G(2)/M phase growth arrest through inhibiting PI3K/Akt pathway. M(2)-A inhibits proliferation of HeLa, HL60, HCT-8, A375, MCF-7 and MRC-5 cells, especially inhibits proliferation of HL60 with an IC(50) value of 18.86 microM. M(2)-A can not only induce DNA fragmentation, but also enhance Annexin V-FITC binding of the cells. On the one hand the expression levels of protein Cyclin B1, Cdk1 changed in response to M(2)-A treatment in HL60 cells. On the other hand we observed the inhibition of NF-kappaB nuclear translocation, up-regulation of Bax and down-regulation of Bcl-2, the caspase -3, -9 activity increase in HL60 cells after treated with M(2)-A, which indicated that the mitochondrial pathway was involved in the apoptosis signal pathway. Our results showed that the phosphorylation of p85/PI3K and Akt decreased following M(2)-A treatment. In summary, M(2)-A displayed a significant anti-tumor effect through cell cycle arrest and apoptotic induction in HL60 cells, which suggested that M(2)-A might have therapeutic potential against leukaemia.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adenine
  • Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology*
  • Apoptosis / drug effects
  • Blotting, Western
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • DNA Fragmentation
  • Flow Cytometry
  • G2 Phase / drug effects
  • HL-60 Cells
  • Humans
  • Microscopy, Fluorescence
  • Naphthalimides / chemistry*
  • Naphthalimides / pharmacology
  • Organophosphonates
  • Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / drug effects*
  • Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / metabolism
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / drug effects*
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / metabolism
  • Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Signal Transduction / drug effects*
  • Signal Transduction / physiology

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Naphthalimides
  • Organophosphonates
  • amonafide
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt
  • Adenine