New macrocyclic amines showing activity as HIV entry inhibitors against wild type and multi-drug resistant viruses

Molecules. 2009 May 22;14(5):1927-37. doi: 10.3390/molecules14051927.

Abstract

Considering as a lead molecule the chemokine CXCR4 receptor antagonist AMD-3100, which shows significant anti-HIV activity in vitro and in vivo, we investigated a series of structurally related macrocyclic polyamines incorporating o,o'-phenanthroline or 2,2'-bipyridyl scaffolds as potential antiviral agents with lower toxicity and increased activity against both wild type X4-tropic and dual tropic HIV strains. The antiviral activity of these compounds was evaluated by susceptibility assays in PBMC (Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells) and compared to that of AMD-3100. The newly investigated compounds showed IC(50)s values in the low micromolar range and significantly inhibited the viral replication of wild type X4-tropic isolate and dual tropic strains. These macrocyclic polyamines constitute a promising class of HIV entry inhibitors.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Amines / chemistry*
  • Anti-HIV Agents / chemical synthesis
  • Anti-HIV Agents / chemistry*
  • Anti-HIV Agents / pharmacology*
  • Anti-HIV Agents / therapeutic use
  • Benzylamines
  • Cyclams
  • Drug Resistance, Multiple*
  • Drug Resistance, Viral*
  • HIV Fusion Inhibitors / chemical synthesis
  • HIV Fusion Inhibitors / chemistry*
  • HIV Fusion Inhibitors / pharmacology*
  • HIV Fusion Inhibitors / therapeutic use
  • HIV Infections / drug therapy
  • HIV-1 / drug effects*
  • Heterocyclic Compounds / chemical synthesis
  • Heterocyclic Compounds / chemistry
  • Heterocyclic Compounds / pharmacology
  • Heterocyclic Compounds / therapeutic use
  • Humans
  • Molecular Structure
  • Phenotype
  • Polyamines / chemical synthesis
  • Polyamines / chemistry
  • Polyamines / pharmacology
  • Polyamines / therapeutic use
  • Receptors, CXCR4 / antagonists & inhibitors

Substances

  • Amines
  • Anti-HIV Agents
  • Benzylamines
  • Cyclams
  • HIV Fusion Inhibitors
  • Heterocyclic Compounds
  • Polyamines
  • Receptors, CXCR4
  • plerixafor