Palmitoylation of the influenza A virus M2 protein is not required for virus replication in vitro but contributes to virus virulence

J Virol. 2009 Sep;83(17):8655-61. doi: 10.1128/JVI.01129-09. Epub 2009 Jun 24.

Abstract

The influenza A virus M2 protein has important roles during virus entry and in the assembly of infectious virus particles. The cytoplasmic tail of the protein can be palmitoylated at a cysteine residue, but this residue is not conserved in a number of human influenza A virus isolates. Recombinant viruses encoding M2 proteins with a serine substituted for the cysteine at position 50 were generated in the A/WSN/33 (H1N1) and A/Udorn/72 (H3N2) genetic backgrounds. The recombinant viruses were not attenuated for replication in MDCK cells, Calu-3 cells, or in primary differentiated murine trachea epithelial cell cultures, indicating there was no significant contribution of M2 palmitoylation to virus replication in vitro. The A/WSN/33 M2C50S virus displayed a slightly reduced virulence after infection of mice, suggesting that there may be novel functions for M2 palmitoylation during in vivo infection.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Substitution
  • Animals
  • Body Weight
  • Cell Line
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Dogs
  • Humans
  • Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / pathogenicity
  • Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / physiology*
  • Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype / pathogenicity
  • Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype / physiology*
  • Lipoylation
  • Lung / virology
  • Mice
  • Mutagenesis, Site-Directed
  • Orthomyxoviridae Infections / pathology
  • Orthomyxoviridae Infections / virology
  • Survival Analysis
  • Viral Matrix Proteins / metabolism*
  • Virulence
  • Virulence Factors / metabolism*
  • Virus Replication*

Substances

  • M2 protein, Influenza A virus
  • Viral Matrix Proteins
  • Virulence Factors