The risk factors related to the progress of glaucoma have been investigated and revealed the involvement of the systemic factors and ocular factors that include intraocular pressure (IOP) and non-IOP factors. Multi-center randomized studies have demonstrated that IOP is an important risk factor in the development of ocular hypertension (OHT) to the onset of POAG or POAG progress. These large scale randomized clinical trials indicate that the only effective way to delay the deterioration of progressive optic neuropathy is to low IOP. Establishing a target IOP, reducing IOP, and especially controlling nocturnal IOP fluctuation are important measures for the prevention of glaucoma progress. While non-IOP risk factors come from age, central corneal thickness (CCT), duration of optic disc hemorrhage, the degree of severity of glaucoma and glaucoma in both eyes. The risk factors affecting glaucoma have also been found in patients with myopia, family history of glaucoma, low ocular perfusion pressure, systemic hypotension, cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, systemic hypertension, and high blood cholesterol. The efforts to study the glaucoma risk factors offer insight into the etiology and clinical development processes of glaucoma and provide an improved therapeutic strategy for glaucomatous.