Fat-inducing transcript (FIT) are endoplasmic reticulum resident membrane proteins that induce lipid droplet accumulation. It plays a crucial role in the fundamental process of fat storing. In this study, on the basis of PCR-SSCP and DNA sequencing methods, polymorphisms of the FIT gene were detected in 254 individuals from three goat breeds. The results showed that only P(5) locus had two SNPs, resulting in a synonymous mutation (NM_001103095: m.422T > A/G resulting in S124S) and a missense mutation (NM_001103095: m.454 A > G resulting in Q135R). The associations between polymorphic loci and the growth traits of Boer and Xuhuai goat were analysed, and significant association were found in body height and chest circumference index (P < 0.05). Genotype BB of the Boer was associated with a higher chest circumference index (P < 0.05) than Genotype AC. In Xuhuai breed, Genotype BB was associated with a lower body height (P < 0.05) than Genotype AA. However, Genotype BB and AC had greater chest circumference index than Genotype AA (P < 0.01).