Novel therapeutic targets for prevention and therapy of sepsis associated acute kidney injury

Curr Drug Targets. 2009 Dec;10(12):1205-11. doi: 10.2174/138945009789753219.

Abstract

Sepsis associated Acute Kidney Injury (SA-AKI) is the leading cause of AKI in the hospital setting and its incidence is increasing. Although the exact pathophysiology and phenotype of SA-AKI are not known, it is widely accepted that SA-AKI has a multi-injury pathway. This form of AKI has components of ischemia-reperfusion injury, direct inflammatory injury, coagulation and endothelial cell dysfunction, and apoptosis. As such, multiple agents have been shown in pre-clinical studies to ameliorate SA-AKI, but there are no interventions currently available for the treatment of SA-AKI. Promising agents that are in development include toll-like receptor inhibition, IL-10 augmentation, modulators of the protein C pathway, and mesenchymal stem cell mediated therapeutics. The aim of this review is to review the pathophysiology of SA-AKI and the therapeutic interventions that are under development to treat this complex and morbid disease.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Acute Kidney Injury / drug therapy*
  • Acute Kidney Injury / etiology
  • Acute Kidney Injury / prevention & control*
  • Animals
  • Apoptosis / drug effects
  • Endothelial Cells / physiology
  • Humans
  • Inflammation / pathology
  • Inflammation Mediators / physiology
  • Renal Circulation
  • Reperfusion Injury / drug therapy
  • Reperfusion Injury / prevention & control
  • Sepsis / complications
  • Sepsis / drug therapy*
  • Sepsis / prevention & control*
  • Toll-Like Receptors / physiology

Substances

  • Inflammation Mediators
  • Toll-Like Receptors