VEGF-D deficiency in mice does not affect embryonic or postnatal lymphangiogenesis but reduces lymphatic metastasis

J Pathol. 2009 Nov;219(3):356-64. doi: 10.1002/path.2605.

Abstract

Vascular endothelial growth factor-D (VEGF-D) is one of the two ligands of the VEGFR-3 receptor on lymphatic endothelial cells. Gene-silencing studies in mice and Xenopus tadpoles recently showed that the role of endogenous VEGF-D in lymphatic development is moderate. By contrast, exogenous VEGF-D is capable of stimulating lymphangiogenesis. Nonetheless, its endogenous role in pathological conditions remains largely unknown. Hence, we reassessed its role in disease, using Vegf-d(null) mice. Vegf-d(null) mice were generated that, under physiological conditions, displayed normal embryonic and postnatal lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic remodelling, efficient lymphatic functioning and normal health. Vegf-d(null) mice also reponded normally in models of skin wound healing and healing of infarcted myocardium, despite enhanced expression of VEGF-D in these models in wild-type mice. In contrast, Vegf-d(null) mice displayed reduced peritumoral lymphangiogenesis and lymph node metastasis in an orthotopic pancreatic tumour model. Together, our data indicate that endogenous VEGF-D in mice is dispensible for lymphangiogenesis during development, in postnatal and adult physiology and in several pathological conditions, but significantly contributes to lymphatic metastasis.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adenocarcinoma / metabolism
  • Adenocarcinoma / secondary
  • Animals
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Embryonic Development / physiology
  • Female
  • Gene Targeting / methods
  • Liver Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Lymphangiogenesis / physiology*
  • Lymphangioma / metabolism
  • Lymphatic Metastasis / physiopathology*
  • Lymphatic System / embryology
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Mice, Knockout
  • Myocardial Infarction / physiopathology
  • Neoplasm Transplantation
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Phenotype
  • Skin / injuries
  • Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor D / deficiency*
  • Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor D / physiology
  • Wound Healing / physiology

Substances

  • Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor D