Phase I active immunotherapy with combination of two chimeric, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, B-cell epitopes fused to a promiscuous T-cell epitope in patients with metastatic and/or recurrent solid tumors

J Clin Oncol. 2009 Nov 1;27(31):5270-7. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2009.22.3883. Epub 2009 Sep 14.

Abstract

PURPOSE To evaluate the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD), safety profile, and immunogenicity of two chimeric, B-cell epitopes derived from the human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2) extracellular domain in a combination vaccine with a promiscuous T-cell epitope (ie, MVF) and nor-muramyl-dipeptide as adjuvant emulsified in SEPPIC ISA 720. PATIENTS AND METHODS Eligible patients with metastatic and/or recurrent solid tumors received three inoculations on days 1, 22, and 43 at doses of total peptide that ranged from 0.5 to 3.0 mg. Immunogenicity was evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, flow cytometry, and HER2 signaling assays. Results Twenty-four patients received three inoculations at the intended dose levels, which elicited antibodies able to recognize native HER2 receptor and inhibited both the proliferation of HER2-expressing cell lines and phosphorylation of the HER2 protein. The MTD was determined to be the highest dose level of 3.0 mg of the combination vaccine. There was a significant increase from dose level 1 (0.5 mg) to dose level 4 (3.0 mg) in HER2-specific antibodies. Four patients (one each with adrenal, colon, ovarian, and squamous cell carcinoma of unknown primary) were judged to have stable disease; two patients (one each with endometrial and ovarian cancer) had partial responses; and 11 patients had progressive disease. Patients with stable disease received 6-month boosts, and one patient received a 20-month boost. CONCLUSION The combination vaccines were safe and effective in eliciting antibody responses in a subset of patients (62.5%) and were associated with no serious adverse events, autoimmune disease, or cardiotoxicity. There was preliminary evidence of clinical activity in several patients.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial, Phase I
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Adjuvants, Immunologic
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Antigens, Neoplasm / administration & dosage
  • Antigens, Neoplasm / adverse effects
  • Antigens, Neoplasm / immunology
  • Cancer Vaccines / administration & dosage
  • Cancer Vaccines / adverse effects
  • Cancer Vaccines / immunology*
  • Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
  • Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte / administration & dosage
  • Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte / adverse effects
  • Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte / immunology*
  • Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte / administration & dosage
  • Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte / adverse effects
  • Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte / immunology*
  • Female
  • Flow Cytometry
  • Humans
  • Immunoglobulin G / blood
  • Immunoglobulin G / immunology
  • Immunotherapy / methods*
  • Male
  • Maximum Tolerated Dose
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasms / therapy*
  • Receptor, ErbB-2 / administration & dosage
  • Receptor, ErbB-2 / immunology*
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins / immunology

Substances

  • Adjuvants, Immunologic
  • Antigens, Neoplasm
  • Cancer Vaccines
  • Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte
  • Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte
  • Immunoglobulin G
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins
  • ERBB2 protein, human
  • Receptor, ErbB-2