Objective: To evaluate the potential usefulness of dual-source CT (DSCT) in the diagnostic work-up of inpatients with atypical chest pain of unknown etiology.
Material and methods: Forty-one consecutive inpatients (25 male, 16 female; mean age 55.6+/-17.39 years) with atypical chest pain underwent DSCT to determine the cause of pain. Images were acquired with retrospective ECG gating after the administration of 120ml of iodinated contrast medium at 4ml/s using the bolus tracking technique. Two readers analyzed the images in consensus.
Results: DSCT was diagnostic in all patients. We detected pulmonary embolisms in five patients and aortic disease in two (one aortic ulcer and one sacular aneurysm). Anomalies of the coronary arteries were depicted in 15 patients, two of whom presented luminal stenosis >50%. Extracardiovascular findings at DSCT included pneumonia in eleven patients, sarcoidosis in one, and non-small cell lung carcinoma in one. Pleural effusion was detected in four patients and pericardial effusion in another four. No pathological findings were observed in 22% of subjects. Evolution was favorable in all patients. No patients were readmitted for persistent pain or new onset of acute chest pain during the follow-up period.
Conclusion: DSCT can rule out most life-threatening clinical conditions that cause chest pain and is useful in determining the cause of chest pain in inpatients.