We investigated the effects of exogenous Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor VEGF combined with an enriched environment on BBB integrity after a minimal trauma induced during the first days of the critical visual period in rats, when peak levels of endogenous VEGF secretion are reached. VEGF was administered using osmotic mini-pumps placed in middle cortical layers of P18 Long-Evansrats. Tissue changes were evaluated using conventional histology. BBB integrity was shown by immunohistochemistry techniques for EBA and GluT-1. Mini-pump implantation produced a wider cavity in anti-VEGF infused rats. In VEGF-infused rats there was a damaged region around the cannula that was smaller in rats raised in an enriched environment (EE). The administration of VEGF induced a high concentration of plasma proteins in the neuropil around the point of cannula placement and a high inflammatory reaction. VEGF-infused rats raised in an EE showed a lower degree of extravasation and better tissue preservation. Anti-VEGF administration produced a lower protein expression profile and more widespread deterioration of tissue. Double immunofluorescence for EBA and GluT-1 showed that the administration of VEGF preserves the tissue, which remains present but not fully functional. In contrast, a combination of VEGF administration and an EE partially protects the functionally damaged tissue with a higher preservation of BBB integrity.