Ball lens reflections by direct solution of Maxwell's equations

Opt Lett. 1995 Oct 15;20(20):2048-50. doi: 10.1364/ol.20.002048.

Abstract

We calculate ball lens reflections, using the exact solution of Maxwell's equations for the scattering of a beam from a dielectric sphere. Our results are consistent to within 1 dB with measurements of backreflection to a single-mode fiber. We also calculate backreflection to an astigmatic spot laser diode.