Cost-effectiveness of multifaceted evidence implementation programs for the prevention of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis

Osteoporos Int. 2010 Sep;21(9):1573-84. doi: 10.1007/s00198-009-1114-8. Epub 2009 Nov 24.

Abstract

Summary: Using a computer simulation model, we determined that an intervention aimed at improving the management of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis is likely to be cost-effective to third-party health insurers only if it focuses on individuals with very high fracture risk and the proportion of prescriptions for generic bisphosphonates increases substantially.

Introduction: The purpose of this study is to determine whether an evidence implementation program (intervention) focused on increasing appropriate management of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP) might be cost-effective compared with current practice (no intervention) from the perspective of a third-party health insurer.

Methods: We developed a Markov microsimulation model to determine the cost-effectiveness of the intervention. The hypothetical patient cohort was of current chronic glucocorticoid users 50-65 years old and 70% female. Model parameters were derived from published literature, and sensitivity analyses were performed.

Results: The intervention resulted in incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) of $298,000 per quality adjusted life year (QALY) and $206,000 per hip fracture averted. If the cohort's baseline risk of fracture was increased by 50% (10-year cumulative incidence of hip fracture of 14%), the ICERs improved significantly: $105,000 per QALY and $137,000 per hip fracture averted. The ICERs improved significantly if the proportion of prescriptions for generic bisphosphonates was increased to 75%, with $113,000 per QALY and $77,900 per hip fracture averted.

Conclusions: Evidence implementation programs for the management of GIOP are likely to be cost-effective to third-party health insurers only if they are targeted at individuals with a very high risk of fracture and the proportion of prescriptions for less expensive generic bisphosphonates increases substantially.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Bone Density Conservation Agents / economics
  • Bone Density Conservation Agents / therapeutic use
  • Computer Simulation
  • Cost-Benefit Analysis
  • Diphosphonates / economics
  • Diphosphonates / therapeutic use
  • Drug Costs / statistics & numerical data
  • Evidence-Based Medicine
  • Female
  • Glucocorticoids / adverse effects*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Markov Chains
  • Middle Aged
  • Models, Econometric*
  • Osteoporosis / chemically induced
  • Osteoporosis / diagnosis
  • Osteoporosis / drug therapy*
  • Osteoporosis / economics
  • Osteoporotic Fractures / economics
  • Osteoporotic Fractures / prevention & control
  • Quality-Adjusted Life Years
  • Translational Research, Biomedical
  • United States

Substances

  • Bone Density Conservation Agents
  • Diphosphonates
  • Glucocorticoids