Syntheses and evaluation of the antioxidant activity of acitretin analogs with amide bond(s) in the polyene spacer

Eur J Med Chem. 2010 Jan;45(1):298-310. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2009.10.012. Epub 2009 Oct 14.

Abstract

Ester analogs of the antipsoriatic drug acitretin were synthesized by coupling either anilines with N-protected indole-3-carboxylic acid, followed by deprotection and coupling with O-monoprotected dicarboxylic acids or Wittig reaction of indole-3-carboxaldehyde, 3-acetyl-1-tosylpyrrole and 4-amino-9-fluorenone with Ph3P=CHCO2tBu, followed by N-deprotection, where necessary, and finally coupling with cinnamoyl fluorides. Corresponding free acids were obtained through TFA-mediated carboxyl group deprotection. Although these analogs and acitretin showed very low reducing abilities, analogs 5, 6, 8 and 12 strongly inhibited LOX with IC50 values ranging from 35-65 microM. Acitretin and its analogs 5-7, 10, 11 and 15 inhibited lipid peroxidation more strongly than trolox whereas acitretin and analog 4 were in vivo more potent anti-inflammatory agents on rat paw oedema induced by Carrageenan than indomethacin.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Acitretin / analogs & derivatives
  • Acitretin / chemical synthesis*
  • Acitretin / pharmacology*
  • Acitretin / therapeutic use
  • Amides / chemistry*
  • Animals
  • Antioxidants / chemical synthesis*
  • Antioxidants / chemistry
  • Antioxidants / pharmacology*
  • Antioxidants / therapeutic use
  • Edema / drug therapy
  • Electrons
  • Esters / chemistry
  • Female
  • Glycine max / enzymology
  • Heterocyclic Compounds / chemistry
  • Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions
  • Inflammation / drug therapy
  • Lipid Peroxidation / drug effects
  • Lipoxygenase / metabolism
  • Lipoxygenase Inhibitors / chemical synthesis
  • Lipoxygenase Inhibitors / chemistry
  • Lipoxygenase Inhibitors / pharmacology
  • Lipoxygenase Inhibitors / therapeutic use
  • Male
  • Polyenes / chemistry*
  • Rats

Substances

  • Amides
  • Antioxidants
  • Esters
  • Heterocyclic Compounds
  • Lipoxygenase Inhibitors
  • Polyenes
  • Lipoxygenase
  • Acitretin