Phase I study of daily irinotecan as a radiation sensitizer for locally advanced pancreatic cancer

Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2010 Jun 1;77(2):409-13. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2009.05.008. Epub 2010 Jan 29.

Abstract

Purpose: The study aimed to determine the maximum tolerated dose of daily irinotecan given with concomitant radiotherapy in patients with locally advanced adenocarcinoma of the pancreas.

Methods and materials: Between September 2000 and March 2008, 36 patients with histologically proven unresectable pancreas adenocarcinoma were studied prospectively. Irinotecan was administered daily, 1 to 2 h before irradiation. Doses were started at 6 mg/m(2) per day and then escalated by increments of 2 mg/m(2) every 3 patients. Radiotherapy was administered in 2-Gy fractions, 5 fractions per week, up to a total dose of 50 Gy to the tumor volume. Inoperability was confirmed by a surgeon involved in a multidisciplinary team. All images and responses were centrally reviewed by radiologists.

Results: Thirty-six patients were enrolled over a period of 8 years through eight dose levels (6 mg/m(2) to 20 mg/m(2) per day). The maximum tolerated dose was determined to be 18 mg/m(2) per day. The dose-limiting toxicities were nausea/vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia, dehydration, and hypokalemia. The median survival time was 12.6 months with a median follow-up of 53.8 months. The median progression-free survival time was 6.5 months, and 4 patients (11.4%) with very good responses could undergo surgery.

Conclusions: The maximum tolerated dose of irinotecan is 18 mg/m(2) per day for 5 weeks. Dose-limiting toxicities are mainly gastrointestinal. Even though efficacy was not the aim of this study, the results are very promising, with a median survival time of 12.6 months.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial, Phase I
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adenocarcinoma / pathology
  • Adenocarcinoma / radiotherapy*
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Camptothecin / administration & dosage
  • Camptothecin / adverse effects
  • Camptothecin / analogs & derivatives*
  • Disease Progression
  • Drug Administration Schedule
  • Feasibility Studies
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Irinotecan
  • Male
  • Maximum Tolerated Dose
  • Middle Aged
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / mortality
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / pathology
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / radiotherapy*
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / surgery
  • Prospective Studies
  • Radiation-Sensitizing Agents / administration & dosage*
  • Radiation-Sensitizing Agents / adverse effects
  • Survival Analysis

Substances

  • Radiation-Sensitizing Agents
  • Irinotecan
  • Camptothecin