Fetal cerebral periventricular halo at midgestation: an ultrasound finding suggestive of fetal cytomegalovirus infection

Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2010 Jun;202(6):599.e1-5. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2009.12.021. Epub 2010 Mar 12.

Abstract

Objective: The objective of the study was to identify a cerebral ultrasound finding indicative of fetal cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection at midgestation.

Study design: All fetuses of 218 patients with primary CMV infection underwent prospective transvaginal neurosonographic examination at 20-22 weeks' gestation.

Results: Transvaginal sonography identified a periventricular echogenic halo with well-defined borders in 6 infected fetuses at a mean gestational age of 20.5 weeks. Transabdominal axial views of the fetal head were normal in all cases. All patients opted for termination of pregnancy. Autopsy in 2 fetuses showed changes compatible with subacute white matter injury resembling telencephalic leukomalacia.

Conclusion: A fetal cerebral periventricular halo disclosed by transvaginal sonography at midgestation in pregnant patients with recent CMV infection is suggestive of fetal infection and may be associated with white matter lesions.

MeSH terms

  • Brain / pathology
  • Cytomegalovirus Infections / diagnostic imaging*
  • Cytomegalovirus Infections / pathology
  • Female
  • Fetal Diseases / diagnostic imaging*
  • Fetal Diseases / pathology
  • Humans
  • Necrosis / pathology
  • Pregnancy
  • Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / diagnostic imaging
  • Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / pathology
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Ultrasonography, Prenatal