Primary HHV 6 infection after liver transplantation with acute graft rejection and multi-organ failure: successful treatment with a 2.5-fold dose of cidofovir and reduction of immunosuppression

Pediatr Transplant. 2011 Sep;15(6):E126-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-3046.2010.01310.x. Epub 2010 Mar 17.

Abstract

HHV type 6 has been reported with enhanced pathogenicity in immunocompromised patients. Herein, we report about a two-yr-old girl who experienced primary HHV 6 infection after liver transplantation. She clinically presented with graft rejection and necrotic hepatitis as well as high fever, pneumonitis with respiratory failure and a rash. Therapy with cidofovir of 5 mg/kg per wk did not show improvement, so that a full pharmacokinetic profile of cidofovir was performed. It demonstrated enhanced body weight normalized clearance of cidofovir and cidofovir dosage was augmented to 12 mg/kg per wk to reach adequate drug exposure. With additional reduction of immunosuppression, the patient dramatically improved and liver function stabilized.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Antiviral Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Child, Preschool
  • Cholestasis, Intrahepatic / therapy
  • Cidofovir
  • Cytosine / analogs & derivatives*
  • Cytosine / therapeutic use
  • Female
  • Graft Rejection*
  • Hepatitis / pathology
  • Herpesviridae Infections / diagnosis*
  • Herpesviridae Infections / pathology
  • Herpesvirus 6, Human / metabolism*
  • Humans
  • Immunosuppression Therapy
  • Immunosuppressive Agents / therapeutic use
  • Liver Cirrhosis / therapy
  • Liver Transplantation / methods*
  • Necrosis
  • Organophosphonates / therapeutic use*

Substances

  • Antiviral Agents
  • Immunosuppressive Agents
  • Organophosphonates
  • Cytosine
  • Cidofovir